How do you take Poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) (inactivated)?

This is not a tablet; it is an injection given by a healthcare worker, usually into the thigh or upper arm. Adults who were never vaccinated typically receive 3 doses: the first dose, then a second dose 1-2 months later, and a third dose 6-12 months after the second. A booster dose may be needed if you are travelling to areas where polio is still common.

What are the side effects of Poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) (inactivated)?

Pain, redness, or swelling where the injection was given, mild fever, feeling irritable or fussy (especially in babies), body tiredness

Who should not take Poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) (inactivated)?

People who have had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of IPV or to any of its ingredients (including neomycin, streptomycin, or polymyxin B, which are trace antibiotics used in making the vaccine). Anyone who is seriously ill with a high fever should wait until they recover before getting vaccinated.

Prescription

Vaccine (Inactivated Viral Vaccine)

Poliomyelitis vaccine

Last reviewed July 2026

Who is this for?

For adults (18+). Standard adult dosing applies: see the How to Take tab for full instructions.

What is this drug?

IPV (Inactivated Poliomyelitis Vaccine) is an injection that contains killed poliovirus, which trains your body's immune system to fight and prevent polio, a serious disease that can cause permanent paralysis (inability to move your legs or arms).

How it works

Activates humoral and cell-mediated immunity by presenting inactivated poliovirus antigens (types 1, 2, and 3) to the immune system, stimulating B lymphocytes to produce neutralizing antibodies against all three poliovirus serotypes and conferring protective immunity against poliovirus infection.

What is it used for?

Prevention of poliomyelitis (polio), a disease that attacks the nerves and can cause permanent paralysis or even death

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What to watch out for

Only receive this vaccine at a government health centre, hospital, or approved immunization point, never from unverified sources. Make sure you complete the full vaccination schedule for yourself and your children. Nigeria is working hard to eradicate polio, so take advantage of free immunization campaigns when they come to your area.

Common Side Effects

Pain
redness
or swelling where the injection was given
mild fever
feeling irritable or fussy (especially in babies)
body tiredness

Serious Side Effects

Severe allergic reaction: signs include difficulty breathing
swelling of the face or throat
widespread rash
or feeling faint immediately after the injection. If any of these happen
rush to the nearest hospital immediately.

Drug Interactions

If you or your child is taking drugs that weaken the immune system (such as steroids like prednisolone or cancer drugs), inform the health worker as the vaccine may not work as well. There are no significant food or alcohol interactions, but always tell the nurse about any medications being taken.

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Pregnancy & Breastfeeding Warning

IPV is generally considered safe during pregnancy if there is a real risk of polio exposure, but pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before receiving it.

Who Should NOT Take This

People who have had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of IPV or to any of its ingredients (including neomycin, streptomycin, or polymyxin B, which are trace antibiotics used in making the vaccine). Anyone who is seriously ill with a high fever should wait until they recover before getting vaccinated.

How to Store

IPV must be stored in a refrigerator between 2°C and 8°C; it must not be frozen or exposed to heat or direct sunlight. This is why you should only receive it at a proper health facility or immunization centre that has cold chain storage. Never buy vaccines from roadside sellers or unregistered sources. Keep out of reach of children.

For information only: not medical advice. Always talk to a doctor or pharmacist before changing your medication.